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Docs Getting Started Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting

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Diagnose common failures: no boot, no radio, display glitches, GPS and power problems

Troubleshooting

Overview

Common issues and solutions for Aegis-Beacon assembly and operation.

Radio Issues

SX1262 TX Init Failed

Symptom: [ERROR] SX1262 TX init FAILED: -2

Cause: SPI wiring or missing BUSY pin

Solution:

  1. Check GPIO 18/19/23/5 connections
  2. Verify BUSY pin (GPIO 21) is connected
  3. Test SPI continuity with multimeter

Warning

GPIO 21 (BUSY) is mandatory. Without it, firmware hangs on first radio call.

Radio Hangs on First Call

Symptom: Device freezes after boot

Cause: BUSY pin not wired

Solution:

  1. Wire BUSY to GPIO 21
  2. Verify connection with continuity test
  3. Re-flash firmware

Weak Signal / No Range

Symptom: Beacon not heard at expected distance

Cause: Antenna issue or low power

Solution:

  1. Verify antenna length (17.3cm for 433 MHz)
  2. Check SMA connection
  3. Increase TX power in CONFIG portal
  4. Test with SDR to verify transmission

Display Issues

OLED Blank

Symptom: No display output

Cause: Wrong SPI pins or soft-SPI conflict

Solution:

  1. Verify GPIO 15/13/4/16/17 connections
  2. Check 3.3V power to OLED
  3. Test with simple sketch

OLED Flickering

Symptom: Display flickers or shows artifacts

Cause: SPI bus contention

Solution:

  1. Ensure software SPI is used (not hardware)
  2. Check for loose connections
  3. Reduce SPI clock speed

GPS Issues

No GPS Fix After 2 Minutes

Symptom: GPS wait screen shows 0 satellites

Cause: Obstructed sky view or weak signal

Solution:

  1. Move outdoors with clear sky view
  2. Wait 5-15 minutes for cold start
  3. Check GPIO 22/12 connections
  4. Verify GPS module power

Wrong Coordinates

Symptom: Coordinates don’t match location

Cause: DDM format misread

Solution:

  • N4553 = 45 53’ N, not 45.53
  • E01230 = 12 30’ E, not 12.30
  • Add decimal point at position 3

Battery Issues

Battery Reads 0% or 100% Stuck

Symptom: Battery percentage doesn’t change

Cause: Divider not connected or wrong GPIO

Solution:

  1. Check R3a/R3b divider on GPIO 36
  2. Verify BAT+ connection to TP4056
  3. Adjust BAT_VREF_MV in config

Battery Drains Quickly

Symptom: Runtime much shorter than expected

Cause: High current draw or cold weather

Solution:

  1. Check for WiFi/BT left enabled
  2. Verify deep sleep is working
  3. Monitor serial for sleep messages
  4. Use LiFePO4 in cold weather

Audio Issues

No Audio Output

Symptom: No sound from earphone

Cause: Wrong pin or missing AC cap

Solution:

  1. Verify GPIO 25 connection
  2. Check 10uF cap orientation (+ to GPIO)
  3. Test with 100 Ohm resistor to GND

Audio Too Quiet

Symptom: Very low volume

Cause: Volume setting too low

Solution:

  1. Increase volume via UP/DN buttons
  2. Check VOL/WPM toggle (SEL button)
  3. Verify DAC1 configuration

Button Issues

Buttons Unresponsive

Symptom: No response to button presses

Cause: Missing pullup on input-only pins

Solution:

  1. Add 10k pullup to GPIO 34/35
  2. Verify button wiring to GND
  3. Check for stuck buttons

Factory Reset Not Working

Symptom: MODE+SEL at boot doesn’t reset

Cause: Not holding long enough

Solution:

  1. Hold both buttons for 5+ seconds
  2. Release after OLED shows reset message
  3. Device reboots with defaults

Software Issues

Upload Fails

Symptom: Failed to connect error

Cause: Wrong board or port selected

Solution:

  1. Select “ESP32 Dev Module” board
  2. Verify COM port in Device Manager
  3. Press BOOT button during upload
  4. Try different USB cable

NVS Empty Warning

Symptom: [WARN] NVS empty on boot

Cause: First boot or after factory reset

Solution:

  • This is normal behavior
  • Configure via CONFIG portal
  • Settings save to NVS on first save

Performance Issues

Slow Display Updates

Symptom: OLED updates slowly

Cause: SPI clock too slow

Solution:

  1. Verify software SPI connections
  2. Check for bus contention
  3. Reduce update frequency

High Power Consumption

Symptom: Battery drains faster than expected

Cause: WiFi/BT not disabled

Solution:

  1. Verify WiFi/BT shutdown in beacon mode
  2. Check serial for WiFi messages
  3. Disable WiFi in CONFIG portal

Debug Output

Serial Monitor

Connect at 115200 baud for debug output:

CODE
[INFO ] Boot #1 reset_reason=1 heap=290244 B cpu=240MHz
[BAT  ] Boot battery: 87% 4100mV charging=NO
[OK   ] OLED ready -- SSD1309 128x64
[OK   ] SX1262 CW TX ready: 433.500 MHz @ 17 dBm

Common Debug Tags

TagMeaning
[INFO ]Normal operation
[OK ]Successful operation
[WARN ]Non-fatal warning
[ERROR]Hardware failure
[SCAN ]RSSI scan result
[GPS ]GPS engine
[BAT ]Battery reading

Tip

Set DEBUG_VERBOSE 1 for per-symbol Morse timing and RadioLib state codes.